A high fertility rate has caused a large increase in population growth, with a high dependency rate when compared to the working-age population. This dependent population presents challenges for both families and government service provision.

The best strategy for achieving sustainable economic development lies in adopting public policies for economic reform and the creation of decent jobs, as well as, making significant investments in developing high-quality human capital and strengthening governance. These actions could help Mozambique to benefit from the Demographic Dividend by 2051.